Essay on Antigone vs. Pai - 890 Words

Some Things Never Change There are many examples of past ideas and controversies that have arose once again in modern day situations. Although a lot of controversies get resolved, many do not and end up arising again. A great example of this comes from the play Antigone by Sophocles and the film Whale Rider by Niki Caro. In both the film and the play, a woman of royal decent is going against a leader for what she feels is right. Although Antigone dies in the end of Antigone, Pai from Whale Rider convinces the leader and lives a happy life. Pai and Antigone were very similar characters because of the problems they faced. First, Pai and Antigone were both women who stood up to a male-led society. Second, they were both listened to by the†¦show more content†¦In Antigone, the leader tries crying to god by saying, â€Å"O God, I am sick with fear. Are there no swords here? Has no one a blow for me?† (807) The leader has just lost his wife, niece, and son and is overwhelme d by the deaths. Although he asks god to take his life to, they do not respond. In Whale Rider, the leader has just found out that none of the boys that he was training to be leader were the one and Pai said, â€Å"He was calling to the ancient ones, asking them to help him...but they werent listening. So i tried...and they heard me.† (38) The leader was trying to ask the gods for help but as Pai said, they did not respond. Instead, Pai tried calling to the gods and they did respond by shoring all of the whales. Since Pai and Antigone were listened to while the leaders were not, they had a great advantage. Although they had a great advantage, they were both still willing to die for what they believed in. In Antigone, Antigone is talking to her sister about what she feels she should do and says, â€Å"But I will bury him: and if I must die, I say that this crime is holy...† (774) Antigone is telling her sister that although she will most likely be killed as a result of doing what she feels is right, she is willing to take the chance and do it anyways. Pai does something very similar when she says, â€Å"I wasnt scared to die.† (45) Pai was riding the largest whale back into the water in order to save it and ends up being pulled

Legal Research Free Essays

Samaritan Smith slipped and fell on shampoo that had spilled In the health and beauty department of the grocery store in question. Ms. Smith had suffered a broken hip from the incident and is going to be spending the next few months in physical therapy. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ms. Smith has no health insurance and is a single mother of a 2 year old boy. After our complaints were filed In the courts; the grocery store alleges that Ms. Smith had a duty herself to avoid the spillage, but was too distracted by her young son to notice. The store feels that Ms. Smith should be held just as responsible as hey are in the case. The question being presented today, Is If both parties Involved are equally responsible? Ms. Smith does in fact possibly hold some sort of comparative fault in this case. The grocery store did complete their scheduled aisle check Just thirty minutes before Ms. Smith slipped. INDO. Code Ann. 534-51-2-5 (WEST 1998) states that â€Å"In an action based on fault, any contributory fault chargeable to the claimant diminishes proportionately the amount awarded as compensatory damages for an injury attributable to the claimants contributory fault, but does not bar recovery†. There are several factors in that can place Ms. Smith with comparative fault. The biggest fact being that she was not paying attention, because she was dealing with her 2 year old son. It does not seem that the store is not at all responsible for the injuries she sustained. Yes, the aisle check was done at the scheduled time, but it was checked by an older gentleman that wore prescription glasses. As in Wall-Mart v. Wright, 774 EN ad 891 (2002) where Wright was found at comparative fault and awarded 30% less In damages, this too could be the case with Ms. Grants Ms. Smith states negligence on the grocery stores behalf, but she too had a duty to pay attention to her surroundings. The grocery store in question has documented proof of an aisle check being done at 1 p. M. The shampoo could have spilled anytime between 1:00 and 1:30 p. M. In conclusion Ms. Smith could very well hold some comparative fault if the grocery store can prove that she was distracted enough by her child, that she was unable to notice the spillage. [Where are the headings in your memo? I have no idea where your memo components are. ] Wall-Mart stores Inc. V. Got, 774 EN ad 891 (2002) Wright originally sued Wall-Mart for Injuries she sustained when she slipped and fell on a puddle of water in the â€Å"Outdoor Lawn and Garden Corral†. Wright insisted Wall-Mart was negligent in the maintenance and inspections of the premises. Wright was found at comparative fault for not doing her duty as an Individual and shopper and paying attention In an area of the store where it was common for water to be on the ground. Description Weighting Possible Points Points Earned Content Student located a statute from the appropriate Jurisdiction. The statute that the dent located is on the appropriate issue and applied to the fact situation. Student provided proper citation of statutes. Student located a case from the appropriate Jurisdiction that interprets the statute. 32 Sentence Mastery Sentences are consistently grammatical. Major sentence-level errors, including fragments, run-eons, and comma splices, are avoided. Sentences are graceful, I. E. , they can be read aloud without awkwardness, awkward pauses, or running out of breath. Language is rich, precise, and vivid. 6 Grammar and Mechanics Spelling is proficient. Spellchecker has been used to avoid egregious errors. Grammar and mechanics are sound, including mastery of the following key elements: subject-verb agreement; verb form; appropriate punctuation and capitalization; apostrophe use; appropriate word use. There are no extra words, and there are not missing words. Organization and Format Organization and structure are clear and easy to follow. Writing shows clear purpose and orderly transitions from beginning to end. Sentences consistently establish this organization and flow rather than interrupt it. Format meets PAPA guidelines and Bluebook rules as appropriate, including use of title pages. There is no playful experimentation with fancy fonts. It is written for the appropriate audience. Citation Style Writing shows both internal citations in the body of the text as well as a proper list of references at the end of the paper, following PAPA or Bluebook format. Citations appear consistently where needed, whether following quoted or paraphrased material in the text. Note: In papers requiring secondary sources, failure to provide any citation does not result in a deduction of 10% from the paper, but will result in a failed paper and a plagiarism investigation. Total: 100% 60] Possible Points [50] Points Earned Additional Instructor Comments: FRIAR for Samaritan Smith scenario Facts [Your own paraphrase of the facts of Smith’s problem in one or two paragraphs. This goes to the Analysis section, so do not skimp. ] Issue [Your own statement of Smith’s problem in a single sentence in yes or no format. For example, â€Å"Can Samaritan Smith recover for the damages she endured as the result of a slip and fall at a local grocery store where shampoo had leaked upon the floor? â€Å"] Rule The citations and holdings from the two cases you located (one in Unit Three and one How to cite Legal Research, Essays

Effectiveness of Pragmatic Lifestyle for Diseases- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEffectiveness of Pragmatic Lifestyle for Chronic Diseases. Answer: Introduction Chronic condition or illness is a prolonged illness or condition to a human health that cannot be cured. Chronic diseases are persisting and their effects come with time (DeCensi et al 2010). Human beings have to live with chronic condition by managing it. The common chronic diseases are cancer, diabetes, HIV/Aid, Arthritis, stroke, and Asthma. Chronic diseases are the leading cause of deaths in the World accounting for 60% total death per year (Green et al., 2015). Chronic diseases are common and costly to human beings that impacts people economically and socially. They make patients vulnerable to other infections. Many chronic illnesses are both manageable and preventable. Chronic diseases are highly linked to an individual lifestyle (Owen, Bauman, Brown, 2009). Chronic diseases can be prevented by avoiding tobacco, regular undertaking physical exercises, and eating nutritious foods. On the other side, chronic diseases can be managed by eating healthy food, exercising and taking m edications to prolong ones life. The following write up discusses a case study of Ann Nobis who has diabetes for the past ten years. Ann Nobis is an Australian citizen and was diagnosed with diabetes in 2007. Ann is 45 years old and has been working as a hotel manager for the past 20 years. Diabetes is a complex condition and affects the entire body. Diabetes is condition that occurs as a results abnormal high level of glucose in a persons blood. Ann suffers from Diabetes type 2 that is a condition as a result of the body not making or using insulin. Ann is also obese. The write up will involve discussing Pathophysiology of diabetes, the impact of the disease to the patient and her family and recommendation on diabetic prevention and pharmacological management. Pathophysiology of Diabetes Ann had the following symptoms; first, Ann experienced frequent urination and increase thirst. The excess sugar in the bloodstream builds up causing fluid in tissue to be pulled off leading to dehydration. The tissues get dehydrated that leads to Ann drinking more water and consequently urinating more. Ann was urinating more times per day than a normal person and felt thirsty throughout the day (Noto et al., 2012). Secondly, Ann has increased hunger. Ann confessed that she felt hunger even after immediately taking a meal. This symptom was as a result of her body organs and muscles becoming depleted of energy. This is because there is no enough insulin in the body to move sugar to her cells that triggers hungers. Thirdly, Ann lost weight. Even with increased eating to reduce hunger, Ann lost weight. She recorded 5% weight loss (Chiuve et al., 2012). Anns body with type 2 diabetes has no ability to metabolize glucose leading to the body opting for alternative fuels that is stored in th e muscles and fat. The calories that can be used in the body are released as excess glucose from the body in form of urine. This leads to the body losing weight despite increased food intake (Esser et al., 2014). Fourth, the Anns body is fatigue. She gets tired walking around or undertaking easy chores at home. She feels tired and irritable. The body cells are deprived of glucose that energizes the body cells to work. The fatigue in her body cells cause her to fell tired ad be unable to carry out her duties in her daily life. Fifth, Ann said that she was experiencing blurred vision. She could hardly clearly see objects especially from a short distance. This was caused by high blood sugar in the body that pulled the fuel from her eyes lens (Noel et al., 2009). This led to her eyes being affected hence losing ability to focus on objects. Lastly, Ann confessed that she had slow healing sores. The sores took longer than expected and she was forced to visit her doctor even with minor cut s. Type 2 diabetes has caused serious health complication to Ann. Type 2 diabetes is as a result of insulin resistance which is likely to be a combination with reduced insulin secretion (Dabelea et al., 2014). This has become a lifelong disease and has affected how her body handles glucose in the blood. The pancreas produces insulin but Anns cells do not use the insulin as it is supposed to. The pancreas produces more insulin than normal to get all glucose into the cells which it not able to keep up leading to sugar building up the blood instead. This is a result of insulin resistance by the body. The overproduction of insulin happens for a long period until the cells producing insulin in the pancreas wear out. In this case, an individual loses 50-70% of the cells producing insulin for the disease to be diagnosed (Bunck et al., 2009). Therefore Anns illness was a progressive condition on destruction of cells producing insulin in her pancreas. Type 2 diabetes condition is caused by ineffectiveness of insulin. Insulin is produced by pancreas gland. It is the pancreas that secretes insulin to the blood stream. The insulin then circulates in the whole body enabling glucose to enter to the body cells. This process lowers the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. The production of insulin is stimulated by the amount of sugar in the blood. Glucose (sugar) is an important source of energy for body cells. The human body muscles and tissues require glucose to function normally through provision of energy. Glucose in the body comes from either the liver or food. The condition of Type 2 diabetes occurs when this process does not work as expected. This leads to glucose instead of being absorbed in the body cells, it remains in the bloodstream (Ferrannini et al., 2010). This accumulates sugar in the blood cells lending to increased insulin. The insulin producing cells becomes impaired and is unable to produce more insulin that can meet the demand of the body. Type 2 diabetes is contributed by several factors; first, it the genes of an individual body. Scientists have established that different bits on ones DNA do affect how the body makes insulin (Volkmar et al., 2012). This means that the illness can be genetically transferred from one generation to another. If one person in the family has type 2 disabilities, the other members from the same family are likely to have the same condition at a certain period of their life. Secondly, type 2 diabetes can be contributed by extra weight of ones body. Being obese causes insulin resistance. This is more likely when the weight is around the waist of an individual. Thirdly, diabetic condition can be contributed by metabolic syndrome. People who suffer from other conditions such as high blood pressure, high blood glucose, high cholesterol, extra fat, or triglycerides are at more risk to getting insulin resistance (Forslund et al., 2015). Fourth, having too much glucose produced by the liver. When th e liver produces glucose even when there is glucose from food, put an individual to a risk of having high blood sugar that can damage the insulin producing cells (Dunkley et al., 2014). Lastly, type 2 diabetes can be contributed by bad communication between cells or broken beta cells. This leads to cells sending wrong signals that cause insulin to be sent on the wrong time increasing the blood sugar. The high blood sugar then damages the cells producing the insulin leading to type 2 diabetics. Ann also had several comorbities as a result of type 2 diabetes. She was diagnosed with one kidney failure. Anns one kidney was damage in 2015 and it was removed. This was a as a result of damages caused by diabetes in the kidney tiny blood vessels. Secondly, Ann eyes got damaged that led to seeing problems. Diabetes damages the retina blood vessel. The blood vessels are dehydrated and lack supply of energy that lead to dysfunction. Thirdly, Ann had foot damage. Her feet nerves were damaged together with poor blood flow that led to foot complications. Lastly, Ann developed a skin conditions. Her skin developed black spots around specific area. These infections were as a result of insulin resistance in the body causing dark patches (Lewis et al., 2011). Impact of Type 2 Diabetes to Ann and Her Family Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong condition that has no cure (Ley, Hamdy, Mohan, 2014). The condition has adversely affected Anns life and her family. First, the condition has impacted Anns ability to work. Ann used to work as a manager in a hotel in town where she lost her job two years ago. She was unable to meet targets as a result of stagnated and decreasing performance in the workplace. Secondly, type 2 diabetes has led to Ann losing her one kidney. The condition damaged her left side kidney leading to it removal. Thirdly, Ann has developed eyes problems where she has to use a pair of glasses and attend regular checkups to her optician. Lastly, Ann cannot walk without external support. She needs to be supported or use a wheelchair to move. Her foot has been damaged by type 2 diabetes condition (Hayward et al., 2015). On the other side, Anns condition has affected her family in several ways; first, her family has incurred high budgets to maintain her condition and attend medications. The family takes the responsibility of paying hospital bills for Ann. Secondly the family has been stressed over Anns condition. The family at first did not understand her condition. This caused anxiety in the family that led to stress (Vijan et al., 2014). Lastly, the family lost a bread winner. Ann was a bread winner in the family who turned to a dependant in her family. This situation has exposed the family to financial constrains. Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Type 2 Diabetes is a condition of a patients pancreas not working effectively. The pancreas does not produce optimum insulin to enable absorption of glucose top cells leading to high blood sugar (Bauer et al., 2014). The following strategies can be used to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes; Healthy eating: This involves eating a healthy diet that maintains or reduces ones blood sugar for patients (Van Acker et al., 2009). Diabetes can be prevented by eating balanced diet and avoiding food with high levels of calories. It is also important for an individual to avoid tobacco because it stimulates diabetes. Eating well enables manage blood glucose level and body weight (Zinman et al., 2015). Undertake exercises regularly: This involves engaging in physical activities that increase metabolic activities of the body. Exercising enables patient insulin to work more effectively. Exercising also reduces the risk of heart disease and lowers the blood pressure (Zoungas et al., 2014). Monitoring blood glucose regularly: This involves taking blood sugar test regularly to monitor it level. This strategy enables one to know if the treatment followed is adequate in controlling the condition. Monitoring enables making of informed decision on managing blood sugar (Matthews, 2012). Pharmacological management of Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes can be managed in several ways and each case is different. The following are pharmacological recommendation to Ann condition; Metformin: This medication helps the body to use insulin produced effectively. Sulfonylureas: This medicine enables the body to produce more insulin to enhance absorption of glucose by the muscles and tissues (Kahn, Cooper, Del Prato, 2014). DPP-4 Inhibitors: This enable reduce blood glucose level. SGLT2 Inhibitors: It prevents kidney from reabsorbing glucose from the blood. Insulin Therapy: These are injected to control blood sugar. They include; insulin glulisine, insulin aspart, insulin isophane, and insulin lispro (Nathan et al., 2009). Conclusion From Anns case study, type 2 diabetes is a lifelong condition without a cure. The illness is a condition where there is insulin ineffectiveness causing high blood sugar. This condition can be contributed by genes, metabolic syndrome, liver producing glucose, overweight, and miscommunication between insulin producing cells. Type 2 diabetes damages the kidneys, eyes, foot, and the heart. The condition symptoms are impaired healing, weight loss, increased thirst and urination, fatigue, and inability to see clearly. Type 2 diabetes causes other complications such has foot, kidney, eyes, and heart diseases. The condition can be managed or prevented by eating healthy diet, monitoring blood sugar level and regularly exercising. References Bauer, U. E., Briss, P. A., Goodman, R. A., Bowman, B. A. (2014). Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA. The Lancet, 384(9937), 45-52. Bunck, M. C., Diamant, M., Cornr, A., Eliasson, B., Malloy, J. L., Shaginian, R. M., Yki-Jrvinen, H. (2009). One-year treatment with exenatide improves -cell function, compared with insulin glargine, in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes care, 32(5), 762-768. Chiuve, S. E., Fung, T. T., Rimm, E. B., Hu, F. B., McCullough, M. L., Wang, M., ... Willett, W. C. (2012). Alternative dietary indices both strongly predict risk of chronic disease. The Journal of nutrition, jn-111. Dabelea, D., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Saydah, S., Imperatore, G., Linder, B., Divers, J., ... Liese, A. D. (2014). Prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents from 2001 to 2009. Jama, 311(17), 1778-1786. Dunkley, A. J., Bodicoat, D. H., Greaves, C. J., Russell, C., Yates, T., Davies, M. J., Khunti, K. (2014). Diabetes prevention in the real world: effectiveness of pragmatic lifestyle interventions for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and of the impact of adherence to guideline recommendations. Diabetes care, 37(4), 922-933. DeCensi, A., Puntoni, M., Goodwin, P., Cazzaniga, M., Gennari, A., Bonanni, B., Gandini, S. (2010). Metformin and cancer risk in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer prevention research, 3(11), 1451-1461. Esser, N., Legrand-Poels, S., Piette, J., Scheen, A. J., Paquot, N. (2014). Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 105(2), 141-150. Ferrannini, E., Ramos, S. J., Salsali, A., Tang, W., List, J. F. (2010). Dapagliflozin monotherapy in type 2 diabetic patients with inadequate glycemic control by diet and exercise. Diabetes care, 33(10), 2217-2224. Forslund, K., Hildebrand, F., Nielsen, T., Falony, G., Le Chatelier, E., Sunagawa, S., ... Arumugam, M. (2015). Disentangling the effects of type 2 diabetes and metformin on the human gut microbiota. Nature, 528(7581), 262. Green, J. B., Bethel, M. A., Armstrong, P. W., Buse, J. B., Engel, S. S., Garg, J., ... Lachin, J. M. (2015). Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(3), 232-242. Hayward, R. A., Reaven, P. D., Wiitala, W. L., Bahn, G. D., Reda, D. J., Ge, L., ... Emanuele, N. V. (2015). Follow-up of glycemic control and car Kahn, S. E., Cooper, M. E., Del Prato, S. (2014). Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: perspectives on the past, present, and future. The Lancet, 383(9922), 1068-1083. Matthews, D. R. (2012). Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia, 55(6), 1577-1596. Lewis, J. D., Ferrara, A., Peng, T., Hedderson, M., Bilker, W. B., Quesenberry, C. P., Strom, B. L. (2011). Risk of bladder cancer among diabetic patients treated with pioglitazone. Diabetes care, 34(4), 916-922. Ley, S. H., Hamdy, O., Mohan, V., Hu, F. B. (2014). Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. The Lancet, 383(9933), 1999-2007. Noel, R. A., Braun, D. K., Patterson, R. E., Bloomgren, G. L. (2009). Increased risk of acute pancreatitis and biliary disease observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care, 32(5), 834-838. Nathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Davidson, M. B., Ferrannini, E., Holman, R. R., Sherwin, R., Zinman, B. (2009). Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. Diabetes care, 32(1), 193-203. Noto, H., Goto, A., Tsujimoto, T., Noda, M. (2012). Cancer risk in diabetic patients treated with metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 7(3), e33411. Owen, N., Bauman, A., Brown, W. (2009). Too much sitting: a novel and important predictor of chronic disease risk?. British journal of sports medicine, 43(2), 81-83. Van Acker, K., Bouhassira, D., De Bacquer, D., Weiss, S., Matthys, K., Raemen, H., ... Colin, I. M. (2009). Prevalence and impact on quality of life of peripheral neuropathy with or without neuropathic pain in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients attending hospital outpatients clinics. Diabetes metabolism, 35(3), 206-213. Vijan, S., Sussman, J. B., Yudkin, J. S., Hayward, R. A. (2014). Effect of patients risks and preferences on health gains with plasma glucose level lowering in type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA internal medicine, 174(8), 1227-1234. Volkmar, M., Dedeurwaerder, S., Cunha, D. A., Ndlovu, M. N., Defrance, M., Deplus, R., ... Del Guerra, S. (2012). DNA methylation profiling identifies epigenetic dysregulation in pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetic patients. The EMBO journal, 31(6), 1405-1426. Zinman, B., Wanner, C., Lachin, J. M., Fitchett, D., Bluhmki, E., Hantel, S Broedl, U. C. (2015). Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(22), 2117-2128. Zoungas, S., Chalmers, J., Neal, B., Billot, L., Li, Q., Hirakawa, Y., ... Cooper, M. E. (2014). Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 371(15), 1392-1406.